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John Allen (minister)
Baptist minister John Allen (ca. 1741/2 – sometime in the 1780s), although not well-connected with colonial patriots in British North America, had an enormous impact on re-igniting the tensions within the Empire in 1772 when he mentioned the Gaspée Affair and the Royal Commission of Inquiry seven times〔Allen used the phrase "court of admiralty" seven times; five of these references clearly referred to the Royal Commission of Inquiry in Rhode Island〕 in his Thanksgiving Day sermon at Second Baptist Church in Boston. This sermon, ''An Oration, Upon the Beauties of Liberty, Or the Essential Rights of the Americans'', was reprinted seven times in four different cities, making it the sixth most-popular pre-independence pamphlet in British America.〔Unfortunately, this does not tell us anything about the size or volume of a particular printing. See Thomas R. Adams, ''American Independence: The Growth of an Idea'' (Providence, RI: Brown University Press, 1965), 69-70. This table was taken from G. Jack Gravlee and James R. Irvine, eds. ''Pamphlets and the American Revolution: Rhetoric, Politics, Literature, and the Popular Press'' (Delmar, NY: Scholars’ Facsimiles & Reprints, 1976), viii.〕
==Old World Troubles==
In 1764, at age 23, John Allen was ordained and installed as the pastor of the Particular Baptist Church in Petticoat Lane, near Spitalfields, London.〔Prior to this he had served as a preacher and writer. He may have preached in Salisbury and wrote ''The Spiritual Magazine: or the Christian’s Grand Treasure''. See Edward C. Starr, ed., ''A Baptist Bibliography: Being a register of printed material by and about Baptists; including works written against the Baptists'' Section A (Philadelphia, PA: The Judson Press, 1947), 63.〕 Like most Baptist ministers, Allen had to earn his livelihood through secular work. He opened a linen-drapers shop in Shoreditch. When his business failed, Allen’s debt grew, and he spent some time incarcerated at the King’s Bench Prison. When the Petticoat Lane congregation dismissed him he briefly found a new pastorate at Broadstairs, near Newcastle. But in 1767 he was dismissed by the Broadstairs congregation, and in 1768 he returned to London as a schoolteacher.〔''The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' dated his death between 1783-88. ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004) electronic source citation . The exact nature of the behavior that accounted for his dismissal by the Broadstairs congregation remains unknown.〕 By January 1769 he was again in financial trouble, and he was tried at the Old Bailey for forging a ₤50 note.〔Allen found the note in the street. A simple handwriting sample cleared him of the charge of forgery. But the fact that he tried to cash it in did not reflect well on his character.〕 ()
Although he was acquitted, this trial destroyed his reputation, and its stigma followed him to Boston.〔Kneeland and Davis, the publishers of ''Oration'' in Boston, tried to help salvage the reputation of their very successful pamphleteer by publishing the entire 20 page transcript of his trial in 1773. See ''Early American Imprints''. First Series; no 13047.〕
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